The English King Edward the Confessor dies childless, sparking a succession crisis. Harold
Godwinson (England), Harald Hardrada (Norway), and William (Normandy) lay claim to the
throne.
January 6, 1066
Coronation of Harold II
The "Witenagemot" (council of nobles) immediately crowns England's foremost lord, Harold
Godwinson. In Normandy, William begins preparing a fleet for invasion.
September 25, 1066
Battle of Stamford Bridge
Harold II makes a forced march north and defeats the Viking army led by the King of Norway,
Harald Hardrada, who dies in battle. The northern threat is eliminated.
September 28, 1066
Norman Landing
While Harold is in the north, the wind in the English Channel changes, allowing William's
fleet to sail. The Normans land unopposed at Pevensey in southern England.
October 14, 1066
Battle of Hastings
Harold rushes to meet William. The Anglo-Saxons defend from Senlac Hill, but after a feigned
retreat by Norman cavalry, their shield wall breaks. King Harold is killed (legend says by
an arrow to the eye). William claims a historic victory.
December 25, 1066
Coronation of the Conqueror
William the Conqueror is crowned in Westminster Abbey. The Anglo-Saxon elite is replaced by
Normans, and the English language is forever changed.